A wonderfully written, engaging discussion of the assimilation campaign that was waged against American Indians—although it was published in 1984, it remains relevant today and gives some good overview of how assimilation policies came to be, how they were enacted, and the outcomes. There are some times when a good grammar editor was needed [especially the preface] but that can easily be overlooked. The content is truly worthwhile for those interested in studying the politics of the United States and, especially, those interested in working with American Indian nations/peoples/communities.

The first chapter sets up a scenario in which the US government’s actions are explained, titled “The Appeal of Assimilation.” It is important to note that at least some of the individuals passing legislation to assimilate American Indians thought they were doing the correct/best thing for American Indian people. This included: “Separate branches also undertook individual acts of charity such as supporting schools, providing funds for farm equipment, and marketing Indian handicrafts” (p11). While the effects were far more damaging than helpful, and I would argue some individuals had ill intentions all along, I appreciate that Hoxie gives background and explanation as to why assimilation was a policy to begin with. Basically, it revolved around removing Indians from their land, putting them on reservations, then converting them to Christianity, and making them citizens that you wouldn’t be able to tell apart from any other American. Problematic—but at least Hoxie offers this other side of the story.

Absolutely worth a read. I keep it on my shelf for any time that I need more information on assimilation policies; my poor copy has more highlighting than it does clean areas at this point.