Really impressive collection of essays examining German identification with 'The West', which seemed to fluctuate generation by generation- reaching a height in 1848 for example, before plummeting during the Kaiserreich and the First World War. A couple of essays challenge existing scholarship. In his essay on Nazi Germany, Philipp Gassert argues that propaganda in the Third Reich did not stress an anti-Western position, but rather focused on race and a united Europe. My favourite essay was that by Stefan Vogt, who tracked the turn away from the West by Jews in the Kaiserreich. German Jews did not want to be associated with decadent Western cosmopolitan stereotypes, and so came to venerate and honour the figure of the 'Eastern Jew', or Ostjude. Volkish nationalism thus became a tool to strengthen Jewish identity.