Not all Studio Ghibli movies are based on books, but several are!

Books are arranged in chronological order of the Ghibli movies they inspired, not by publication date of the books themselves.

Ghibli movies based on books or manga with no English translation:
-Only Yesterday
-My Neighbors the Yamadas
-Ocean Waves (I Can Hear the Sea)
-Up on Poppy Hill
-The Wind Rises

Ghibli Movies not based on books or manga:
-Castle in the Sky
-My Neighbor Totoro
-Pom Poko
-Princess Mononoke
-Spirited Away
-Ponyo